The integrated optimization framework developed in this study can effectively be used for the multi-objective optimization of porous baffle in the design of disinfection contact tanks. The optimized design of tripartite baffle improved hydraulic and mixing efficiencies by 50% and 56%, respectively. ![]() A simulation-optimization framework is developed by means of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations and employed for single and multi-objective optimization of the porosity. Elements of arrays are small full-range drivers mounted on sectioned wooden baffles with open baffle wings pointing away from the listener at 20.40 degrees, much like the mouth a rear-facing horn speaker. Although previously developed baffle has been proved to enhance the efficiency of the contact system, porous baffle design has not yet been optimized. Porous baffle design can effectively remedy the adverse effects of solid baffles by creating momentum exchange between neighbouring chambers with controllable porosity in the flow direction. Disinfection contact tanks facilitated in urban water treatment plants suffer from low hydraulic and mixing efficiencies, which may result in high chemical and energy usage to yield the required disinfection levels.
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